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Sumbanese traditional house
The Sumbanese traditional house (Sumbanese ''uma mbatangu'', "peaked house") refers to the traditional vernacular house of the Sumba people from the island of Sumba, Lesser Sunda Islands, Indonesia. Sumbanese house is characterized with its high-pitched central peak in its roof and strong connection with the spirits or ''marapu''.
==The house==
Sumba Island contains several cultural and linguistic groups, however all share a common architectural heritage. Animism is strong in Sumbanese society. Their indigenous religion focused on the ''marapu''. ''Marapu'' includes spirits of the dead, of sacred places, of heirloom objects and the instruments used to communicate with the spirit world. This concept affects the architectural space within the Sumbanese house and the Sumbanese village. There are two main houses of the Sumbanese people. The most characteristic Sumbanese house is the ''uma mbatangu'' ("peaked house") of eastern Sumba which features a high central peak. This roof is made of thatched ''alang-alang'' and is somewhat similar to the central peak of a Javanese joglo, although much more high-pitched. The biggest peaked-house of Sumbanese people is known as ''uma bungguru'' (Sumbanese "house of the fellowship"). The house is the main house of the clan where important rituals relating with the unity of the clan are held, e.g. wedding ceremonies, funeral, and so on. The big house is also the permanent residence of the oldest person of the village. Other type of house is ''uma kamadungu'' ("bald house") which contains no central peak. The peak-less house is considered not 'hot' for a ritual, and so they are also known ''uma maringu'' or "cool house".
A basic Sumbanese house has a square layout. This layout can be as small as 5 x 5 meter of as big as 15 x 15 meter. Four main posts supported the roof peak of a house, these posts are imbued with mystical symbolism. A Sumbanese house can accommodate a single family or several extended families. Two entrance accesses are positioned to the left and right of the house. There is no window in a Sumbanese house, cross ventilation is provided from small openings in the wall, which is made of plaited palm boughs, areca sheath, or – among the very rich – buffalo hide. Buffalo horns often decorate the walls, a reminder to past sacrifice.
Traditional Sumbanese village is typically located on elevated sites, with houses (''uma'') forming two or more rows on either side of a central plaza. The central plaza is aligned north-south and contains megalithic tombs and other sacred objects, the overall impact is that the houses of Sumba people intermingles with the tombs.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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